SOLVED917

9. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with many risk factors, including family history as well as poor diet, drinking, and lack of exercise. You are conducting a study to determine how much CVD is attributed to smoking. You’re evaluating several possible confounders, including socioeconomic status, family history of CVD, and age. Each of these is an independent risk factor for CVD. People with a lower socioeconomic status are more likely to be smokers than those with a higher socioeconomic status, and the prevalence of smoking increase with age; both of these are true in your study. You wondered whether family history of CVD might influence smoking behavior but found that in your study there was no difference in prevalence of smoking by family history of CVD. Using the information provided determine if the following variables meet the criteria for a confounder. a. Family history of CVD (4 points – 1 each) i. Associated with the exposure (Yes/No) Explain your answer: ii. Associated with the outcome/disease (Yes/No) Explain your answer: iii. NOT caused by the exposure (Yes/No) Explain your answer: iv. Confounder? (Yes/No)
SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING

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