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1.In the community, a prevention program could positively impact specific risk factors for women and infants by providing education and resources to expectant mothers on how to care for themselves and their children during pregnancy. Information on a healthy diet, nutrition, exercise, and overall wellness might be included. This program could also include breastfeeding and its benefits, infant CPR, and immunizations. Moreover, the program could provide free or reduced-cost prenatal care, access to health insurance, and other resources to help women cover the costs of childbirth. Support for mental health can also positively impact specific risk factors for women and infants (Healthy People 2030, n.d). The mental health of women and infants is often overlooked, yet it is an essential factor that can influence their overall health. Counseling and therapy could be provided to pregnant women and new mothers as part of a prevention program. Furthermore, the program could provide resources for women who suffer from postpartum depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues.

 

2.Disease prevention is community-based and individual-based interventions aimed at minimizing the burden of diseases or associated risk factors. Primary, secondary, and tertiary care are the three stages of preventive care. 

The primary intervention aims to prevent a disease’s development in an individual. Examples would be vaccines given to a person to avoid developing certain conditions, such as Polio. Secondary prevention aims to identify the disease at its earliest stages and before the patient becomes symptomatic; examples are cancer screening or glucose screening. Tertiary prevention is only applicable after confirmation of the disease condition, mainly to prevent complications of a disease once it has developed, for example, by controlling a person’s HGA1c (Scannell & Ruggiero, 2021).

Prevention or preventive care during a woman’s pregnancy provides the opportunity to identify existing health risks and prevent future health problems in both the woman and her infant. Health risks detected during pregnancy include depression, malnutrition, genetic conditions, and unhealthy weight in both mother and baby. Preventive care can decrease the risk of maternal and infant mortality or complication during pregnancy. Providing access to quality preventive care, healthy birth, and early identification and treatment of developmental delays or health complications among infants can prevent death or disability and grant children the chance to reach their full potential.

SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
MATERNAL A 327

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