SOLVED261
Patient Profile: Ms. Jane Smith, a 61-year-old female, presents to the emergency department complaining of diarrhea, weakness, and decreased urine output. She has a past medical history significant for uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. She recently returned from a trip to Mexico and reports that her symptoms started approximately 5 days ago. Initial Presentation: Ms. Smith appears fatigued and dehydrated upon arrival. Her vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 160/95 mmHg, heart rate 100 bpm, respiratory rate 20 bpm, temperature 100.2°F (37.9°C). Her blood glucose level is 220 mg/dL. Physical examination reveals dry mucous membranes and poor skin turgor. Laboratory results show elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, indicating possible renal impairment. Ms. Smith is admitted for further evaluation and management. Scenario Development: Over the next few days, Ms. Smith’s condition deteriorates. Despite hydration and supportive care, her diarrhea persists, and her renal function continues to decline. She develops oliguria and electrolyte imbalances. Further investigations reveal acute tubular necrosis (ATN) secondary to dehydration and pre-existing renal impairment. Her hypertension remains difficult to control, and her diabetes management becomes challenging due to fluctuating renal function. Eventually, Ms. Smith’s acute renal failure progresses to chronic renal failure,
SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
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