SOLVED1314
A 49-year-old man with 10-year history of diabetes mellitus admitted to the hospital. Patient takes 2 injections of basal insulin in a daily dose of 46 IU. 3 days ago, the patient ate poor-quality food, after that vomiting, diarrhea appeared. Because of refusal of food the patient did not take insulin. This morning the patient’s condition worsened, thirst intensified, muscle cramps appeared. Physical examination: consciousness is absent. Skin and tongue are dry. Breathing is superficial, there is no smell of acetone from the mouth. Lungs: weakened vesicular breathing. Respiratory rate is 26 per minute. Heart: rhythm is regular, muffled sounds, BP 80/50 mmHg, heart rate 116 per minute. Abdomen is soft, the liver edge protrudes 3 cm from under the costal arch. Diuresis is 500 ml/day. Laboratory tests: plasma glucose – 45 mmol/l, sodium – 160 mmol/l, potassium – 3,3 mmol/l. Acetone in urine is negative. 1. Identify Syndromes. 2. Preliminary diagnosis. 3. Differential diagnosis. 4. Additional examination plan. 5. Prescribe treatment.
SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING
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