SOLVED1203

Hypokalemia Signs and symptoms – anorexia, cardiac arrhythmias, leg cramps ECG: prolonged PR interval, _________________ T wave, and prominent U wave (low voltage so long ______ is often seen and can lead to r on t phenomenon, Torsades de Point, Polymorphic Vtach, Vfib, and Sudden Cardiac Death) Causes: Adrenergic agents or use of IV dextrose (which stimulate insulin release) may lower K+ levels. Digitalis toxicity may develop with hypokalemia Treatment: Replace potassium at acceptable rate, Rapid K+ infusion can cause cardiac arrest Hyperkalemia Serum K+ greater than 5.2 mEq/L Decreased renal perfusion can lead to K+ retention monitor cardiac activity (place on telemetry: cardiac monitor) Patient presentation depends on level of K+ elevation and if chronic or acute elevation Early symptoms: numbness, muscle cramps, diarrhea ECG: wide __________, tall and peaked T waves, bradycardia Can lead to cardiac arrest due to changes in the action ______________________ across the cellular membrane Treatment: Shift potassium (insulin, hemodialysis, diuresis, kayexalate)
SCIENCE
HEALTH SCIENCE
NURSING

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